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Wednesday, July 30, 2008

Tragic Abuse: Shaken Baby Syndrome

Legal and medical discussions concerning the Shaken Bay Syndrome controversy have created questions about its diagnosis, and even its existence, leading to a consideration
of potential false shaken baby syndrome cases and re-evaluation of the criteria for the violation of shaken baby syndrome laws.

Shaken Bay Syndrome (SBS) is the result of shaking or hitting the head of an infant or small child in a whiplash-like motion. It causes acceleration-deceleration injuries and can be fatal, or cause permanent neurological damage. Ten to 12 percent of child abuse deaths are attributed to SBS.

When retinal hemorrhages and subdural hematomas are found in a child there is an immediate referral to child protective services unless the caretaker's explanation is consistent with a two to three story fall or a 35 mile per hour unrestrained vehicle accident. If the caregiver says the injuries were the result of a short fall or another event less likely to result in death, and the physician thinks it improbable, it is likely to be deemed child abuse.

The website www.sbsdefense.com provides defense attorneys, medical experts, concerned family members and those falsely accused of child abuse with a user-friendly look at the diagnosis and prosecution of cases involving allegations of SBS. It points out th e dangers of mistaken shaken baby syndrome diagnoses.

Brains Not Fully Developed

The brains of young children are not completely developed and suffer injury when shaken. The effects often do not show up until later, when the educational demands on the brain increase.

Less severe cases of SBS may not be seen by doctors and thus may never be diagnosed. Severe cases result in death or dramatic neurological consequences. In severe cases the child usually becomes unconscious and has a rapidly escalating and life-threatening central nervous system dysfunction.

Can Be Hard to Diagnose

Head injury to infants and toddlers can be hard to diagnose, contributing to the shaken baby syndrome controversy, because symptoms are often not specific to the injury. Vomiting, fever, irritability and lethargy are symptoms of many diseases in children. When caretakers do not provide a history of injury, or the victim cannot speak, a head injury can be misdiagnosed as something less serious.

Children who suffered SBS have a number of disabilities that have to be addressed in the educational setting. Developmental disabilities are severe, with chronic mental or physical disabilities, or both, occurring before the age of 22. Developmental disabilities usually occur indefinitely and limit a victim's participation in three or more of the following major life activities: self-care, mobility, language, learning, self-direction, independent living and economic self-sufficiency.

Parents of SBS children should contact their local school system and ask to have their child assessed. The assessment process should include a multidisciplinary team of professionals, observations by professionals who have had experience working with your child, an examination of your child's medical history and information and observations from the family.

Continue to: Suspected Signs of Shaken Baby Syndrome

Taking the Right Steps for a Child Proof Home

Young children can and do get into sticky situations. In selecting the appropriate child safety product, parents seek to avoid these dangers and to allow their young children to
safely explore their environments. Many things in the grown up world are dangerous to toddlers. One of the best devices to keep children out of harm's way and in a home's safe zones is the child safety gate.

These simple gate units allow parents to cordon off danger areas and are a key element of child safety at home. Gates consistently rank at the top of most lists of child safety devices and child safety tips. Creating a child proof home is not a difficult task, simply one that requires some diligence on the part of the parents and the application of a critical eye to familiar surroundings.

Kitchen

The kitchen can be a little shop of horrors for curious children. Never leave children alone in the kitchen. Burners, shiny knife blades and hot water all spell disaster at the tiny fingertips of a child. Keep small appliances like can openers toward the back of the counter and make sure dangling cords are out of the reach of children. (It's a good idea to unplug appliances that are not in use. Coil the cords and tuck them safely inside or behind the unit itself.)

Plastic bags should never be left lying around since they are a source for accidental suffocation. Store bags in secure bins that are out of reach. Take caution with knives. Put them on the top rack of the dishwasher or in a designated silverware basket, with the blades pointing down. If you have small children, don't use knife blocks and if necessary, put the knives in a drawer secured with a childproof latch.

Kids are just about as bad ad dogs to want to shift through trash. Use a covered wastebasket and potentially one that latches in some way. The last thing you want are tiny hands coming into contact with the razor sharp edges of cut can lids.

Living Room/ Bedrooms

Take extra precaution in the living room that none of your furniture can be tipped over and that tripping hazards have been minimized. It's a good idea to put soft covers on the edges of coffee tables and other pieces with sharp corners. Never store a TV on a high shelf where it can be pulled over.

Continue to: Best Child Safety Devices for Protecting your Child

Learn the Basics of Baby Massage

Baby massage has been in practice since ancient times and every premature baby massage article research review would extol the benefits of attending baby massage
classes, and of using a baby massage kit. Babies love to be massaged, and all that a parent would require from a baby massage gallery, would be a soft warm towel, and some baby oil or lotion. Reading a baby massage research review would make first - time parents realize that a massage could mean anything as simple as a gentle after-bath rub, or a more organized infant massage.

The parent or caregiver could view a baby massage DVD on the techniques of a good baby massage, and attend baby massage classes where parents could watch baby massage for dummies to hone their skills.

Basic Baby Massage Techniques

A baby massage could vary from a casual tender rub down of baby's soft skin, to a more practiced, and focused massage. The basic technique for a message would deal mainly with how much pressure to use on baby's tender muscles and skin. To learn this would be first to close one's eyes and gently press the eyelids without feeling any discomfort. That is the amount of pressure that a parent or c aregiver must use when massaging baby. In the small areas, use little gentle strokes with the fingertips to caress baby's skin. In the larger areas, the palm of the hand can be used to massage baby's muscles softly under the skin. While massaging babies:
Head
Tenderly touch the forehead, the temples and work a gentle path down to the base of the cranium. Then with feather-light strokes, tenderly stroke the eyebrows, the eyelids, the cheeks and baby's little nose. Softly stroke the area around the mouth, and the ears.
Jaws
Very, very gently touch the front part of the neck, lightly stroking a path to the back part where baby' skin can be massaged lovingly. Then slowly move down to the shoulders, and placing both hands on them, tenderly caress baby's soft skin from the neck down to the shoulders in the direction of the chest
Shoulder And Arms
Encircling baby's arm in the shape of a ring with the fingers and thumb, begin lightly to stroke around the armpit, and then gently caress down along the arm. The elbow is a very sensitive area, so the parent has to exercise extreme caution while touching baby's skin. Baby' wrists can be exercised gently by practicing little turning motions carefully.
Stomach
Moving the hands in a clockwise direction starting from below the ribs, gently massage the abdomen using a tender circular motion, and excluding the genitalia area.
Legs
Pressing the thighs gently against the body, tenderly flex baby's legs and knees. Lightly stroking each leg with the whole hand, use gently pressure on baby's soft thighs.
Heels and Feet
A really good foot massage not only helps relax baby, but is also known to reduce and settle stomach pain. The parent can start by first applying gentle pressure on each toe, then giving the whole foot a soft press, and finally return to the toes again, gently caressing them. At the heels, slow, circular motions can be applied.
Back
Gently turn the baby on to the stomach. Always moving in one direction, apply deliberate and slow movements that include baby's head, neck, back and legs. Lightly stroke baby's neck, shoulders and back, using the fingertips to massage with circular movements. Remember not to massage the spinal cord, only place the hands gently over it; so that baby can feel the comforting warm sensation. Placing the hands at the top of baby's legs, use gentle soft strokes to work a path down towards the foot. Then start all over again, from the head to the toes, repeating the massage.

Continue to: Benefits and Essentials of Baby Massage Classes

Feeding Time! Bottle Baby Basics

Baby Bottles are of many shapes, sizes and materials - and could be either plastic or glass baby bottles. Of these, Avent bottles and Playtex baby bottles are the most
popular especially the Playtex Ventaire baby bottle and are considered to be among the best baby bottles currently being manufactured.

Typically baby bottles are designed to feed an infant, and come equipped with a nipple or teat. Choosing the right bottle for baby may require some research and browsing around, and testing for the right fit ( glass baby bottles that are of a compact size with flat sides are so much easier for baby to grip), but is well worth the time and effort spent. In fact, a well chosen bottle can help prevent baby suffering a stomach upset and a host of other problems. Ultimately, how you intend using the bottle will help you identify which bottle is correct for you.

Basics of Bottle Feeding

A really good baby bottle and correct feeding techniques can help prevent baby from gas pain, throwing up, and from burping:

Choosing a Bottle

While searching for the best baby bottles, choose those that have unique air flow systems so as to minimize any discomfort baby mig ht experience while feeding. Choose nipples that have the slowest possible flow, as babies could choke and take in too much air if they drink too much milk too fast. Before you actually buy the bottle, ask yourself the following questions:
  • How often do I intend to use the bottle? What would I be filling in it, and how would I be cleaning it?
  • Do I prefer using disposable bottles?
  • How many bottles would I need, and of what size?
  • Does my baby tend towards swallowing too much air while feeding?
  • Does my baby suffer from too much colic?

Temperature of the Bottle

The temperature of the bottle is very important. It is important that the bottle of baby formula or breast milk is at the temperature that baby prefers - this could even be room temperature before you feed your infant. Remember never to microwave the bottle since this could produce hot spots that could burn baby. The bottle could be heated either by using a bottle warmer bought from a store, or by the old fashioned method of filling a large bowl of water from the hot water tap, placing the bottle in it, and then reducing the water flow to a trickle so that the bottle is soon brought to a preferred temperature. To be always cautious, check the warmed formula by placing a bit on your forearm, before feeding it to baby.

Positioning Baby

Positioning baby for a feed is equally important. Hold the baby in a slightly upright position on your lap, with the head comfortably nestled in the crook of your arm. Keep switching sides, so that both sides of baby's brain are stimu lated. Use a pillow to support yourself, so that you do not suffer a sore back and stiff shoulders and neck later on. Make eye contact with baby and talk to baby tenderly; as feeding time is an ideal time to bond with baby.

Giving the Bottle

Glass baby bottles must be kept tilted at a 45 degree angle while feeding baby, to help guard against gas pain and throwing up. Ensure that both the neck of the bottle and the nipple are full of milk; since this helps reduce air swallowing by baby. To end a feed or to remove the baby bottle, gently pull the bottle and nipple from baby's mouth. After 10 minutes or so, baby will be full, and now needs to be burped. Gently place baby on your shoulder, and with soft touches, pat or stroke baby's back. Always use a bib, since with the burp; baby also brings up a little milk.

Propping the Bottle

Never prop a bottle for feeding baby; as this could lead baby to choke. Bottle feeding baby should be a nurturing and fulfilling experience for both mother and infant. Propping a bottle deprives baby of the warm feel of mother's body.

Continue to: Features and Uses of the Best Baby Bottles

Best Start for Your Baby: Proper Nutrition

Breast feeding a baby is the best way to avoid dietary deficiencies and to provide the child with foundational eating habits that will be the blueprint for their nutritional patterns
later in life. Proper baby nutrition also determines how well a child grows and develops and consequently is a major source of concern for new parents charged with feeding an infant for the first time. Conflicting baby nutrition advice, a plethora of available products, and the pressure to do the job right can make meeting the basic infant nutrition requirement a nightmare for new parents when feeding time should be a loving, bonding experience.

Things to Keep In Mind

First of all, all babies are different; that's kind of what makes them so loveable. The downside of that is that it's your responsibility to get to know your baby. Figure out whether Baby prefers peaches to strained peas, or if Baby spends more time eating than sleeping.

As new parents, you may not really know what to do. You may even feel jumpy at the prospect of holding a baby. But, all you need is some support and advice. Soon, you will find that your baby has become a source of joy to you.

Apart from holding the bab y, you should also concentrate on nourishment. Trust your own judgment regarding food choices. Part of trusting your judgment is not allowing food to become a bargaining chip between you and your child.

Nutritional Intake

The old saying "Eating for two" is a true one. Good nutrition begins in the womb with what Mommy eats. It's also true what your Mother told you about breast milk. You both finally agree about something! Doctors the idea that breast feeding a baby offers the best and most complete food for good development. Babies can get nutritional benefit from even a few breast feedings, although most babies graduate to bottle feeding at between four and six months old.

Is Your Baby Satiated?

It is natural for new mothers to be concerned if their babies are getting enough food. There are a few signs that you will learn to recognize to tell you if your baby has had enough to eat. Is your baby producing more than six diapers a day? If so, it's a good indicator that your baby is indeed well fed. It is important to remember that a baby should be fed when he is really hungry and not at your own convenience.

How do you ascertain your baby's hunger? If they put up a fuss or cry suddenly, you may suspect that your baby is hungry. Some babies also tend to suck on their lips and to put their fists in their mouths.

Your baby may exhibit signs of hunger this week at a give time and next week at the same time show no interest whatsoever in food. What could be the reason for this? Your baby is growing. Yes, babies tend to grow in spurts. So, you don't really have to panic at their wavering interest in food. Their appetite will return, usually with a vengeance.

Continue to: Baby Nutrition Advice & Bottle Feeding and Nutrition

Related Articles
Critical Steps to Evaluate Child Care Options
Safe and Enjoyable Tips for Baby's Bath Time
Tips to Find Gifts for New Mothers
When It's Time To Leave The Diaper Behind: Potty Training

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Learn the Basics of Baby Massage

Baby massage has been in practice since ancient times and every premature baby massage article research review would extol the benefits of attending baby massage
classes, and of using a baby massage kit. Babies love to be massaged, and all that a parent would require from a baby massage gallery, would be a soft warm towel, and some baby oil or lotion. Reading a baby massage research review would make first - time parents realize that a massage could mean anything as simple as a gentle after-bath rub, or a more organized infant massage.

The parent or caregiver could view a baby massage DVD on the techniques of a good baby massage, and attend baby massage classes where parents could watch baby massage for dummies to hone their skills.

Basic Baby Massage Techniques

A baby massage could vary from a casual tender rub down of baby's soft skin, to a more practiced, and focused massage. The basic technique for a message would deal mainly with how much pressure to use on baby's tender muscles and skin. To learn this would be first to close one's eyes and gently press the eyelids without feeling any discomfort. That is the amount of pressure that a parent or c aregiver must use when massaging baby. In the small areas, use little gentle strokes with the fingertips to caress baby's skin. In the larger areas, the palm of the hand can be used to massage baby's muscles softly under the skin. While massaging babies:
Head
Tenderly touch the forehead, the temples and work a gentle path down to the base of the cranium. Then with feather-light strokes, tenderly stroke the eyebrows, the eyelids, the cheeks and baby's little nose. Softly stroke the area around the mouth, and the ears.
Jaws
Very, very gently touch the front part of the neck, lightly stroking a path to the back part where baby' skin can be massaged lovingly. Then slowly move down to the shoulders, and placing both hands on them, tenderly caress baby's soft skin from the neck down to the shoulders in the direction of the chest
Shoulder And Arms
Encircling baby's arm in the shape of a ring with the fingers and thumb, begin lightly to stroke around the armpit, and then gently caress down along the arm. The elbow is a very sensitive area, so the parent has to exercise extreme caution while touching baby's skin. Baby' wrists can be exercised gently by practicing little turning motions carefully.
Stomach
Moving the hands in a clockwise direction starting from below the ribs, gently massage the abdomen using a tender circular motion, and excluding the genitalia area.
Legs
Pressing the thighs gently against the body, tenderly flex baby's legs and knees. Lightly stroking each leg with the whole hand, use gently pressure on baby's soft thighs.
Heels and Feet
A really good foot massage not only helps relax baby, but is also known to reduce and settle stomach pain. The parent can start by first applying gentle pressure on each toe, then giving the whole foot a soft press, and finally return to the toes again, gently caressing them. At the heels, slow, circular motions can be applied.
Back
Gently turn the baby on to the stomach. Always moving in one direction, apply deliberate and slow movements that include baby's head, neck, back and legs. Lightly stroke baby's neck, shoulders and back, using the fingertips to massage with circular movements. Remember not to massage the spinal cord, only place the hands gently over it; so that baby can feel the comforting warm sensation. Placing the hands at the top of baby's legs, use gentle soft strokes to work a path down towards the foot. Then start all over again, from the head to the toes, repeating the massage.

Continue to: Benefits and Essentials of Baby Massage Classes

Related Articles
Calming New Parent Fears: The Basics of Baby Care
Feeding Time! Bottle Baby Basics
Taking the Right Steps for a Child Proof Home

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Critical Steps to Evaluate Child Care Options

With so many parents working outside the home to support the family, baby care centers have quickly become a hot button issue. Seventy percent of families use child care
resources, and with such a variety of choices available, making the final decision can be stressful. Then, there are the home-based options, which are Mom and Pop versions of preschools. No matter what your choice, make sure that your kids are not deprived of a variety of child care activities.

For your own peace of mind, you need to ensure that the child care options you decide on will make you child happy and safe. Health and safety in child care is paramount. Ensure that the children stay clear of infections. Do you know that toys can also cause an infection? Make sure that the toys at the child care facility are disinfected on a regular basis. Know your John or Jane. This is the first step in choosing child care centers. The setting should match your child's interests, behavior, temperature likes and any special needs.

This is also a big deal for you. For many parents the first day of child care marks the first time that they have been separated from their child. Be sure to look into ch ild care centers that are congruent with your beliefs and comfort level, which may not start out too high. This will help you settle between an in home (nanny child care) and a larger facility, like a preschool. And does the center offer evening child care programs? Don't forget to clarify this essential aspect.

With all these questions and consideration, you may be asking yourself how in the world you make a choice. The answer is slowly, surely, and methodically.

Making the Choice

Make a list of the qualities for which you are looking. Do you want a center with a religious background or with none? How does this child care provider discipline, if at all? What kinds of child care activities are offered at this facility? Check off points on your list and make notes about things you want to consider or further questions you want to ask.

If you've decided on home nanny child care, The International Nanny Association suggests that at least two interviews should be conducted before making the job offer. How can you interview your potential nanny? First, satisfy your curiosity on why your nanny is interested in working with young children. Does she have a convincing reply about why she left her previous job?

Request references and make sure that you follow up on them. Is the prospective nanny a creative person who will positively influence your child with interesting projects and innovative play activities? What is the candidate's discipline policy? Do you have a particular discipline regimen you want the nanny to follow? If so, have you explained this fully? Do you want the nanny to be a strict disciplinarian or a "buddy" for your children?

Continue to: Tips to Find the Best Child Care Centers

Related Articles
Best Start for Your Baby: Proper Nutrition
Safe and Enjoyable Tips for Baby's Bath Time
Tips to Find Gifts for New Mothers
When It's Time To Leave The Diaper Behind: Potty Training

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Basic Babby Care

There is absolutely no doubt that all parents in the world love their kids. The most important point is, do they know how to take care of their babies? This is important because love is something else and proper care of your newborn baby is something else. Unfortunately most of the younger parents don't know much about baby care. It's important to educate them about the proper techniques to be adopted to take good care of their newborn babies.

Having a new baby is a wonderful experience but can be a terrifying. Many new parents face the arrival of their new baby with great anxiety. The responsibility of caring can be overwhelming.

Following things are very important in baby care:

| How to feed baby
| How to hold and carry baby
| Baby Sleeping environment
| How to give bath
| How to dress up your baby
| How to calm your crying baby

| Diapering baby
| Baby Potty Training

Parents should know the importance of breast feeding. It is very good for baby's health and mostly advised by the doctors. Always have your baby in a capsule when you travel by car. Use a safe stroller, pram for your baby. Put your baby to sleep on their back, and keep fluffy toys out of the cot. Proper and long sleep is very good for the baby. Give your baby a comfortable and noiseless environment. Keep your baby wrapped in a blanket or shawl for comfort and warmth.

Bathing your baby is also important because keeping your baby clean is of vital importance from health point of view. Use a small tub for baby bathing and wrap your baby in a thick towel soon after the bath for protection from cold. Always bath your baby inside the house in a safe and warm place.

Changing diapers is also very important. Baby can not sleep with a wet diaper. You can also use baby lotions to protect soft skin of your baby.

Parents must give a special consideration to their newborns dresses. Baby clothes not only provide baby a protective shield but good and colourful baby clothes look beautiful. People like to see babies in nice clothes.

With love
Cheeky Brats UK

What should parents do now for child safety this school year?

Watch Out for School Buses, School Zones

Parents typically do a great job of preparing their child for school throughout the year with appropriate clothes, necessary supplies, and even the perfect backpack. But one area that is often lacking, transportation experts say, is child safety driving awareness around school zones, school buses, and child care centers.

Child safety should be the first and foremost consideration when determining how a child is dropped off and picked up from school or daycare. Yet the very parent who is most tedious about exercising safety precautions around their own child is often the first to zoom off from the curb after making the safe drop-off, and potentially endangering other children in their haste to leave.

Educators have a challenge at the beginning of every school year, and rely on parents to partner with them to ensure children arrive and depart safely from school every day. Daycare centers or pre-schools (or any facility providing care to young children) indicate the same concerns. Motorists are so worried about their own child's safety and about being on-time for school and work, that they commit safety infractions afterward. School officials report double-parking, speeding through school zones, not being on the lookout for children darting between cars or careening off their bicycles, or even committing a U-turn on a two-way street to turn the car into the direction they want to go.

Daycare centers face the very same issues, as parents return to a school-year work schedule, and are often trying to get both school-aged children to their campus on time and then drop-off a younger child at a child care setting before going to work. The extra drop-offs and fall routine add stress, time management issues, and as a result, child safety concerns to boot.

Parents should check with their child's school or child care provider to learn child safety procedures and routines. By the same token, educators and providers should take extra precautions and initiatives to familiarize parents with child safety tips and guidelines. Each year, tragedies are reported of children getting injured or even tragically killed by darting between cars, not using a cross-walk, or motorists simply not being observant enough.

What should parents do now for child safety this school year?
    * Familiarize yourself with school or provider drop-off and pick-up practices and then be sure you always follow them. One of the biggest complaints by school officials is that parents find a reason to be exception to the rule. If the curb says "No stopping, standing or parking at any time," that means for everyone. If children are required to use designated cross walks, don't walk your child across the middle of a street just because you're holding her hand. If traffic is supposed to be one way at designated times, be prepared to change your traffic pattern. And, if an area is designated for teacher parking only, then don't grab a space to drop off your child because you think it's just for "a couple of minutes."

    * Discuss the rules with your child and practice with younger ones. If possible, take your child to the drop-off area and "practice" the procedure at an off-peak time. Have your child wear his backpack (if required) and walk him through what to look for, what to do, and what not to do. If crossing guards are utilized, explain their purpose and how they must wait for approval to cross. Younger children understand best by actually "doing" a routine instead of just being told about it. Familiarity and then repetition are the best guidelines for ensuring child safety all school year long.

    * Resist the urge to speed or make any traffic rules exception because you are running late. Whipping your car around, getting your child to dash out of the car to reach the classroom before the school bell rings, or encouraging a "drop-and-dash" drop-off is the recipe for disaster in terms of child safety. You would rather your child receive a tardy notice than to be in an accident.

    * Know all traffic rules concerning school zones and traffic flows. Remember, ignorance of the law is not an excuse. Drive your pattern now and familiarize yourself with the various speed zones. Be aware of which side of the car your child sits, and consider positioning her to the side most convenient for exiting. If your child is in a "drop" situation, see if the child seat or booster seat is something he can put on or off safely; the same holds true for lap belts and shoulder harnesses.

    * Refrain from using your cell phone, palm, or any other distraction while around school zones. This common-sense advice really applies whenever a motorist is behind the wheel, but especially when in a driving situation around young children and their perhaps spontaneous actions.

Baby Clothes - Hints and Tips

Baby clothes are really expensive, and because your child grows so fast in the first couple of years, these clothes are going to have a very short life. To maximise the wear we need to look at how we take care of them, how we can get wear from them, for longer and how we might save money, if we buy the right things initially.

Buying
  • The first thing to remember when buying children's clothing is, they must be comfortable to wear, easy to put on and above all else, washable.

  • Buy clothes with elasticated waistbands and trousers or skirts with shoulder straps. This makes letting down or adjusting easier.

  • Buy socks without shaped heels they can then grow with your child. Try to stick to one or two colors and brands � this way you will always have a replacement if you lose one.

  • Put extra buttons on dungaree, skirt or dress straps � This way you can lengthen them as your child grows.

  • Always try to buy natural fibres, rather than man made .The man made fibres don't breathe as well as natural fibres and this can cause your child to get too hot, especially in summer.

Maximizing Wear
  • Sleep suit getting too short? � For comfort cut off the feet and you will get another month s wear, at least.

  • Add another tier to a tiered skirt, by using identical or contrasting material.

  • Trousers or jeans that have become too short, or worn at the knees � can be cut down and made into shorts for the summer.

  • Make summer pyjamas by cutting off the arms and legs of a pair of winter pyjamas.

  • Don't throw away an expensive jacket if your child has out grown it � remove the sleeves and turn it into a smart waistcoat for your child.

  • When you've let down a pair of jeans or dungarees, you can normally see a white line where the fabric has been creased. Make it less noticeable by blending it into the fabric by running a dark blue crayon along the line. A fountain pen or indelible marker also works.

Care Washing Tips
  • One tip that seems obvious but is often ignored � the manufacturers washing instructions that you will find in the garment labels. Manufacturers of fabric spend vast amounts of money to find out what are the best washing conditions for their goods. So always try and wash as instructed, it does help clothes last longer.

  • Use a fabric protector to spray collars, cuffs and knees of garments, any spills will form into beads and can be easily wiped clean.

  • Get grimy soiled socks clean by soaking them in a water and washing soda solution before washing.

  • White cotton socks can be revitalised by boiling them in water with a slice of lemon.

  • Instead of bleach add vinegar to the water as an alternative.

  • Sneakers can be kept looking new by spraying them with starch before wearing them for the first time � this will stop dirt from getting embedded.

  • A soap filled scouring pad is great for sneakers or any fabric shoes.

  • Rub white shoes with a raw potato cut in half, or alcohol, before cleaning. Keep them white by spraying with hairspray � This prevents the polish from coming off and keeps them looking new.



ABOUT THE AUTHOR:
John tries to combine his role as a SAHD with work as a freelance writer. Home is a small village in West Yorkshire England, where he lives happily with his wife and two young daughters. (Georgia who is nearly 3yrs and Olivia aged 16 months.)

His articles have appeared in online publications in countries ranging from India to the USA. He is a member of The Association of Freelance Writers.

If you have any comments on this article or would like further information please feel free to contact him atjaybee@writeme.co.uk.

Rock-a-bye Baby: Choosing a Baby Swing

Swinging is considered a standard form of play for older children, but some infants just don't like it. While an outdoor baby swing may be exactly what your baby craves, before
you run out and buy the best baby swing on the market, you may want to borrow a baby swing seat to see if it is an activity your child will enjoy.

A good quality, safe baby swing may be one of the most expensive investments you'll make during the first few months of parenthood. Take your time in selecting one. There's a lot of buzz contained in baby swing reviews and great argument over which one is the best baby swing of all. With so many options - a Graco baby swing, a Fisher Price baby swing, wind up baby swings - many new parents find themselves confused. The following list mentions some good quality baby swings worthy of consideration and may help you to settle on one or two units to examine before making your final purchase.

Fisher Price 3-in-1 Cradle/Swing

The special thing about this swing is that it offers two different swinging directions for variation. There's the normal forward / backward motion, but if Baby isn't into that there's also the side-to-side motion. The two variations maximize the chance of Baby actually liking the swing. The removable seat is detachable and doubles as a carrier.

The Cradle / Swing is almost like a big furry TV chair for babies. There's an activity bar and the swing can go in three speeds. Be cautious never to leave the baby alone in the swing. The unit is battery operated and can be used until the baby reaches twenty-five pounds. This Fisher Price baby swing is one of the creme de la cr�me devices in this genre

Swing n' Meals High Chair and Swing

Another Fisher Price baby swing, the Swing n' Meals has lost some points for the large storage space it requires. On the upside, Fisher Price diligently worked to upgrade the model. Another bonus is that once Baby is too big for the three speed, open top swing, it can still be used as a high chair via a super easy conversion. The unit has machine washable, removable padding and is height adjustable when used as a high chair.

Graco Open Top (3 Speed)

The open top models are among the fine st units in the Graco baby swing family. The Open Top allows the baby easy access in and out of the swing. There are four comfy reclining positions and a toy bar making this outdoor baby swing highly entertaining. (Some models even play music.) The Graco Open Top is also offered in a two-speed configuration and both models can run for two hundred hours on just one set of batteries.

Graco Wind Up Swing

This Graco baby swing is traditional, not as pricey but certainly a good value. Wind ups offer the option of fifteen or thirty minutes of consistent swinging. Naturally there is a toy bar to occupy Baby's time and a vinyl reclining seat. The only problem is that when the swing runs down the baby may wake up or become cranky and fussy when the motion stops.

Continue to: Best Baby Swing available in the Market

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Babies Love Them, Parents Dread Them: Baby Pacifiers

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Babies Love Them, Parents Dread Them: Baby Pacifiers

According to most of the world's parents pacifiers have single-handedly destroyed children's teeth. Renowned brands like Avent pacifiers and Gerber pacifiers have taken
steps to bring down these complaints. But, why do parents complain in the first place? These pacifier produced overbites are a particular thorn in the side since the end up costing thousands of dollars in dental surgery and braces years down the road. Not only that, parents also face the day the toddler pacifier goes away with dread.

But does the pacifier really deserve its bum rap? The infant pacifier is recommended by the American Association of Parents as a preventative tool against sudden infant death syndrome. So maybe they're not so bad after all. Yet, there's still some work that should go into selecting an infant pacifier.

Choosing a Pacifier

Some babies don't like pacifiers and won't take one, thus it's cheaper not to invest in a lot of pacifiers before the baby's born. Use only one-piece pacifiers. Be sure to use real pacifiers, not the generic ones like bottle nipples. Check if the nipple is firmly attached to base of the pacifier. Babies are curious and may pull on the nipples wi th a tug of their hand. Note that liquid pacifiers may indeed look smooth but are considered to be harmful if the baby bites on it.

Now, let us move on to the dreaded deal with tooth troubles. There's actually a remedy for such problems with an orthodontic pacifier. These pacifiers are rounded at the top and flat at the bottom to prevent orthodontic problems later in life. For best results, limit the amount of baby/pacifier quality time.

Rounded pacifiers, on the other hand, are more traditional and the baby simply may be more traditional. There are also a wide array of options between silicone and latex pacifier. The silicone pacifier boasts of many advantages. For starters, the silicone pacifier is harder for the baby to bite through, is easily cleaned and doesn't retain odor.

Pacifier Safety

Just like with any other child care product, infant pacifiers and toddler pacifiers should be used with safety in mind. Don't tie pacifier to the baby. It might look adorable and keep the pacifier from getting lost, but there are many ways that a string around the baby's neck can cause a tragedy. Only purchase pacifiers that are 1.5 inches across, otherwise you're buying a choking hazard. Stay abreast of pacifier recalls also. Since your baby is constantly preoccupied with pacifiers, he might get affected by rashes. So, make sure that you look for pacifiers that vent holes in the shield. Pacifiers are of different colors and styles. Since some babies need night time entertainment, look for glow in the dark pacifiers. How do you clean the pacifier? Dishwasher, of course. And pacifiers may also be boiled.

What if your baby keeps losing pacifiers? Keep pacifiers handy wherever you take the baby. Do you take the baby along while traveling? Then, keep the pacifier in a car. Is your baby getting restless in the nursery? Then, keep pacifiers in the nursery. Or better still, you could place your baby's favorite style in the diaper bag and take it wherever you go.

Continue to: The Best Infant Pacifier to Choose and Use

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Ease Your Child's Teething Discomfort

There is no set pattern as to when baby teething begins and ends. While one baby may cut a tooth overnight with no pain, another may go through a long, painful and drawn out experience of infant teething.
Sometimes you will see a lump in the gum for a few weeks while at other times there is no clue a tooth was coming until it actually appears. On average, the first tooth comes in during the seventh month, but it can happen as early as three months or as late as 12 months. In rare cases it occurs earlier or later.

Twenty "First" Teeth

There are 20 "first" or "baby" teeth, 12 fewer than the 32 permanent adult teeth. Most children have their full primary set of teeth by two or three-years-old. They usually last until the child is about six, when they start to come loose and fall out as the second teeth start pushing through the gums.

Incisors, two central bottom and two central top teeth, usually appear at six to seven months, followed by two more incisors on both the top and bottom at seven to nine months. The first molars usually appear between 10 to 14 months. These are the double teeth used for chewing. The canines, or pointed teeth, usually arrive at 15 to 18 months and the second molars at two to three years. They are the second set of double teeth at the back of the mouth.

Teething Symptoms

Symptoms of teething vary from child to child and may include the following:
  • Irritability - Fussiness may occur when a tooth rises closer to the surface. Pain and discomfort can be worse with the first teeth to appear and then later when the molars arrive, because of their size. Every child will react differently.
  • Drooling - The baby may sometimes cough or gag due to the extra saliva. Unless the baby has signs of a cold, flu or fever, it is nothing to worry about.
  • Chin rash - If the baby drools a lot, the cons tant contact with saliva could cause the skin around the chin and mouth to get irritated. To help prevent this, wipe your baby's mouth and chin gently throughout the day.
  • Biting and gnawing - A teething baby will gnaw and gum down on anything she can get her mouth around. The counter pressure created from biting helps relieve the pressure coming from under the gums.
  • Cheek rubbing and ear pulling - Gum pain could travel to the ears and cheeks, particularly when the back molars are surfacing. Bear in mind that pulling at an ear could also signal an ear infection.
  • Some children may be more irritable than others, or experience the symptoms above to different degrees. If you are concerned with your child's teething symptoms don't hesitate to contact your pediatrician or a general family dentist to schedule an appointment.
Related Resources
Dentistry

Continue to: Ideal Symptoms of Teething for Infants
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When It's Time To Leave The Diaper Behind: Potty Training

Taking the plunge into potty training boys or girls can prove an exciting experience for both parent and toddler. Successful potty training should come with a sense of
happiness and positive energy. Mom or Dad, or both should make potty training a top priority. That's not too difficult considering that potty training help and potty training tips are more readily available to parents today than ever before. Various publications for parents offer potty training advice. Yet be prepared for a few "accidents" along the way to potty training toddlers. Be patient.

How to Get Started

Starting potty training should be approached delicately. Toddlers learn best with a regular routine. Thus the entire family should be committed to dedicating uninterrupted time to this new endeavor. At least for awhile, making sure your toddler is given the opportunity to "go" every hour is going to take precedence over other aspects of your schedule. Don't pick a time when you cannot patiently work with the child and be attentive to their needs. If you are stressed the child will pick up on what you're feeling and that can effect the success of the potty training program.

Watching yo ur tongue may never be more important. This is a big leap from baby to big boy or little lady; avoid negative words and frustrated tones especially when potty training boys who are more susceptible to accidents. Think of yourself as a teacher and follow sound tips on potty training.

First, watch for signs that the child needs a bathroom break. Tugging of the clothes, a tapping foot, and shaking are all easily recognizable signs. In the process you teach your son or daughter how to read their own body signals so they can verbally express the need to visit the toilet.

Potty Training Aids

Children have been known to adapt well to potty training with some visual ads. Watching parents, friends or animals excuse themselves for a potty break can be a positive reinforcement. A little buddy, like a teddy bear, who's also learning to use the bathroom can be even more helpful.

A potty training chart or using stickers as incentives can boost the child's self esteem booster and motivate them to ac tually get involved in the process. These aids work great on both boys and girls.

Continue to: Ideal Potty Training Tips

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Taking the Right Steps for a Child Proof Home

Young children can and do get into sticky situations. In selecting the appropriate child safety product, parents seek to avoid these dangers and to allow their young children to
safely explore their environments. Many things in the grown up world are dangerous to toddlers. One of the best devices to keep children out of harm's way and in a home's safe zones is the child safety gate.

These simple gate units allow parents to cordon off danger areas and are a key element of child safety at home. Gates consistently rank at the top of most lists of child safety devices and child safety tips. Creating a child proof home is not a difficult task, simply one that requires some diligence on the part of the parents and the application of a critical eye to familiar surroundings.

Kitchen

The kitchen can be a little shop of horrors for curious children. Never leave children alone in the kitchen. Burners, shiny knife blades and hot water all spell disaster at the tiny fingertips of a child. Keep small appliances like can openers toward the back of the counter and make sure dangling cords are out of the reach of children. (It's a good idea to unplug appliances that are not in use. Coil the cords and tuck them safely inside or behind the unit itself.)

Plastic bags should never be left lying around since they are a source for accidental suffocation. Store bags in secure bins that are out of reach. Take caution with knives. Put them on the top rack of the dishwasher or in a designated silverware basket, with the blades pointing down. If you have small children, don't use knife blocks and if necessary, put the knives in a drawer secured with a childproof latch.

Kids are just about as bad ad dogs to want to shift through trash. Use a covered wastebasket and potentially one that latches in some way. The last thing you want are tiny hands coming into contact with the razor sharp edges of cut can lids.

Living Room/ Bedrooms

Take extra precaution in the living room that none of your furniture can be tipped over and that tripping hazards have been minimized. It's a good idea to put soft covers on the edges of coffee tables and other pieces with sharp corners. Never store a TV on a high shelf where it can be pulled over.

Continue to: Best Child Safety Devices for Protecting your Child

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Tuesday, July 29, 2008

Adopted Baby Development Problems

Parents often enter into adoption completely unprepared for handling any adopted baby development problems that might arise.

adopted problems

Although these problems aren't necessarily common, some adopted babies do experience them. However, understanding the signs of development problems and learning how to handle those problems will make this period in your life a little easier.

Signs of Development Problems

For many parents, their adopted baby may be their first child. If so, they may not understand the signs of adopted baby development problems until the problems have grown seemingly out of control.

Early intervention is the key to eradicating any development problem. Once you know what signs to look for, you'll know when to get help.

  • Trust your instincts. One of the most important things you'll learn as a parent is to trust your instincts. If you feel that something isn't right, pay attention to that gut feeling and contact your pediatrician. If you still aren't satisfied, seek a second and even a third opinion. You are your child's advocate. Don't be afraid to look for help!
  • Sudden changes. A child may be developing in a seemingly normal manner when all of the sudden, he or she stops or even regresses. While this may be as simple as a reaction to a recent move or some other event in your child's life, there may be other reasons. Speak to your doctor about your concerns. Better yet, keep a log of your child's developmental milestones so that you have something to show your doctor.
  • Delayed physical ability. While some children will crawl and walk more quickly than others, children who have been institutionalized may suffer from developmental delays, and thus experience adopted baby development problems. Seek help for your child as soon as you become aware of this problem.
  • Delayed verbal skills. Here again, children will develop verbally at various rates. However, if your child seems able to understand what you say but doesn't verbally respond, he or she may be suffering from adopted baby development problems as well.

Help for Adopted Baby Development Problems

Did you know children under three years of age must legally be provided rehabilitative services at a free or reduced rate if they have been determined to be developmentally delayed? These services typically include speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy. The Federal 1986 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act provides this right, and an overview of this law can be read here.

In order to make sure that your child is receiving the services that he or she needs, you may need a referral from your pediatrician. Depending upon your state, you may be able to find a hotline to call for help as well.

What to Expect

Depending upon the age and background of your child, your child may have developmental problems for any number of reasons.

  • Psychological separation. Even newborns have been noted to have psychological separation anxiety, so this certainly isn't uncommon. For older children, however, the symptoms of this condition may be much worse. You may find that your child will need professional help to get past these issues.
  • Attachment difficulties. Even toddlers can have problems forming an attachment with their adoptive parents. In many cases, the whole family may need to go into therapy for a while to deal with this problem.
  • Aggressiveness. In some cases, a child may simply resort to anger and aggressive behavior as a means of expressing his or her confusion over the adoption. Again, therapy and time can help.
  • Abandonment issues. A child who understands that he or she was left by his or her birth parent may deal with abandonment issues as well.
  • Grief. Older children may not be able to under why they were given up for adoption, and they may experience a sort of grieving process as they work through this issue.

More Info

Finally, there is help for those children who suffer from adopted baby development problems.

  • The National Adoption Center offers adoptive parents and their children many wonderful links throughout the site.
  • Adopting.org offers post-adoption support groups and lots of great information as well.
  • The Adoption Groups Website offers adoptive parents help in a variety of areas.

Saturday, July 26, 2008

Caring For Baby When Sick

When parents have the responsibility for a baby or very young child, it is only natural for them to want to protect them as much as possible from sickness and to deal with any signs of sickness quickly. This is perhaps one of the most difficult parts of baby care, as it can be difficult to find the balance between allowing the sickness to take the natural course or rushing to the doctor at every hint of a cold or other minor ailment.

This is a problem especially for first time parents. Having a young baby that is ill can be very distressing, and can become a nightmare if the wrong choice is made when a baby does indeed have a serious illness. By and large, of course, ailments are not a threat, and you should expect a baby to get colds and occasionally fever.

Of course, if you are going to err, it should be on the side of caution. But it is reassuring to know that a baby with a healthy immune system will see off the occasional virus with no difficulty. For that reason, it is important from the baby's birth, and then right through childhood, to care for their immune system. By doing so, you will not only improve their health, and increase their resistance to illness, you will feel more confident that when she starts coughing and sneezing, or has a fever, she will soon get it under control herself. Monitoring progress, though, is essential, and keeping an eye on any fever especially so.

With the blanket advertising on pharmaceutical remedies for baby's and young children, it is easy for parents to be brainwashed into rushing out to buy something, anything even, just to help them feel as they are doing something to help the baby recover quicker.

Baby's have colds, have ear aches, and have fevers, but do not always need a treatment from the pharmacy immediately. Some of the drug company remedies may even do more harm than good and cause a reaction, as I have witnessed in my son when he reacted very badly to an ear treatment that contained a bright colouring.

My son is grown now, but my young daughter Saffron has benefited from a strong immune system each time she has had a cold since birth right up to 23 months (as I write this). She shakes off colds in two days, which is about as good as you can expect, and has no remedies from the pharmacy. She has had vitamin and mineral supplements since birth, a good diet (including the first year on breast milk). If she gets a fever, we give her plain paracetamol and keep a very close eye on her. We live in the tropics, so we do have to be alert for malaria and dengue fever.

It is also worth bearing in mind that, for minor ailments, there may be some home remedies that will help, or at least give you the feeling that you are doing something. The article below by Wendy Jolly offers some useful tips on home remedies, and not just for colds.

New Baby Home Remedy Tips for Caring for the Newborn Baby Arrival

Sometimes we get caught up in all the advertising hype of what we need to purchase to keep baby happy and healthy. We can be blown away by all the different things around to tempt us. What I found confusing was that every different pharmacy or store I went into, told me different things were needed to help my baby get well. I also got carried away with all the mumbo jumbo out there and yet I found that my grandmothers old fashioned home remedies worked just as well, if not better than most of the products in the market place. The best parts about her remedies were that they were so much cheaper and smelt so much nicer.

Have Cloth Diapers Had Their Day

am sure that most new parents have all the arguments for and against the use of cloth diapers, or nappies. Those who had no choice but to use them many years ago do not have fond memories of these old fashioned diapers. All the problems with folding into shape, sticking pins in yourself (and the baby), the smells hanging around the house until the laundry was done; and then the chore of the laundry itself.

Even under thirty years ago, disposable diapers were thought of as something of a luxury, whereas today they are the norm in the richer countries at least. In the US, people using cloth diapers for their babies may be considered somewhat strange. However, even with the dominance of disposable diapers in today's market place, there are several reasons why modern parents may choose to use cloth diapers instead of disposables. In fact, in some circles cloth diapers are making something of a comeback.

Cloth Diapers Are Cheaper

Perhaps hthe biggest personal reason why a parent may choose to clothe her baby’s bottom in cloth diapers, as opposed to disposables, is financial. Cloth diapers are simply cheaper than disposables, even when the parents are paying a diaper service to haul away the soiled nappies and bring fresh ones each week. If disposable diapers worked out cheaper, even most of those hardy cloth diaper users would probably make the switch to disposables.

Environmental Concerns About Disposable Diapers

There is, without doubt, some concern about disposable diapers from those who have an environmental consciousness. Disposable diapers are made primarily of plastic, surrounding a pad of absorbent cotton. It is well known that plastic does not biodegrade very well at all, which means that our landfills are stacked with diapers that are going to be with us for centuries to come. While many people believe that the convenience offered by disposable diapers outweighs this fact, environmentalists believe that by using cloth diapers they are just doing one more thing to help to protect and preserve the Earth for future generations.

Modern Developments In Diapers

The cloth diapers of today are very different from those that were used by today's grandparents and great grandparents. There is no need now for complicated folding methods and errant safety pins. Today’s cloth diapers are pre cut and shaped to fit to the baby quickly and easily. They can also come with Velcro fasteners or snaps for ease in fastening. Best of all, many now have available a flushable, biodegradable paper lining that will catch solid waste, allowing it to be easily disposed of in the toilet. That means that soiled and foul smelling diapers do not sit around the house, and there is no longer that messy job of rinsing the solids away.

Cloth diapers may be a minority favourite, and something of a thing of the past, but they are by no means gone forever. For the parent with financial or environmental concerns, they are still a very viable option for clothing their baby's bottoms